A. Phrase
Phrase (phrase) is a group of words (2 words or more) that can function as a noun (noun), as a verb (verb), as an adjective (adj), or as an adverb (adverb). With the exception of the absolute phrase, the phrase has no subject.
A phrase can contain: phrase class-specific word. For example, the "adjective noun phrase" will form a noun phrase; "adjective noun phrase" will form the adjective phrase, and so on.
1. Phrase Types
Naming is generally based on headword phrase (keywords) that make up the phrase. Headword This phrase is usually located at the beginning or end of phrases or sometimes in the middle phrase.
Based on its headword, phrase types in English, among others:
a. Noun Phrase, which is his phrase is a noun headword, which is placed at the end or middle of the phrase. Noun phrases can be preceded by the article (a, an, the), demonstrative (this, that, these, those), modifier (Some, any, etc.), or by the adjective pronoun (my, your, his, etc.).
Example:
* An extremely fast runner.
* This bouquet of roses
* My fiancée.
* The laptop.
* His sisters.
* The substance in this bottle
* My sister's room
NOTE: The word in bold is its headword.
b. Gerundive (gerund) Phrase, namely that headwordnya a gerund phrase, which is placed at the beginning of phrase. Gerund phrase is generally terminated by a noun.
Example:
* Reading a book.
* Playing chess.
* Drinking beer.
* Stealing my book.
NOTE: The word in bold is its headword. In reading a book, "a book" itself is a noun phrase, which is the direct object of "reading", while in stealing my book "my book" is a noun phrase is a direct object of "stealing".
c. Phrase infinitive, that is his phrase that headword infinitive form, which is placed at the beginning of phrase. Infinitive phrase is generally terminated by a noun.
Example:
* To play chess
* To buy That red car
* To solve this mathematics problem
NOTE: The word in bold is its headword. "That red car" and "this mathematics problem" is a noun phrase.
d. Verb Phrase, that is his phrase that headword form of verb, which is placed at the end of the phrase. Preceded by the auxiliary verb phrase. The forms of verb phrase, among others:
* Be verb-ing/verb3
* Has / have / Had verb3
* Has / have / Had been verb-ing/verb3
* Capital verb1
* Capital verb-ing/verb3 be
* Capital have verb3
* Capital have been verb-ing/verb, ff.
Example:
* Am typing.
* Has passed
* See earnest.
* Earnest have graduated. ff.
NOTE: The word in bold is its headword.
e. Phrasal Verb, ie "verb preposition / adverb."
Example:
* Looked after.
* Going out with.
* Look forward to.
NOTE: The word in bold is its headword.
f. Adverbial (adverb) Phrase, that is his phrase that headword form of an adverb, which is placed at the end of the phrase. Adverbial phrase preceded by an adverb. Adverb whose position in front and behind it an adverb describing is called intensifier.
Example:
* Very Quickly
* Extremely fast
* Almost never
g. Prepositional Phrase, that is his phrase that headword form of an adverb. Prepositional phrase preceded by a preposition, and is generally terminated by a noun.
Example:
* Into the woods
* On the chair
* At home
* On Time
* In the morning
NOTE: The word in bold is its headword.
h. Adjectival (Adjective) Phrase, that is his phrase that headword form of adjective. The location of its headword in general at the end of the phrase, which is preceded by an adverb. Sometimes it headword placed at the beginning phrase, which is usually explained by another adjective.
Example:
* Extremely toxic
* Full of dolls
* Extremely fast
NOTE: The word in bold is its headword.
i. Participial Phrase, that is his phrase that headword participle form, both the present participle (ie verb-ing) and past pasticiple (ie verb3), which placed the beginning of phrase. Participial phrases always function as an adjective.
Example:
* Breast-feeding her baby
* Calling you
* Stormed by gun fire
NOTE: The word in bold is its headword.
j. Appositive Phrase, the phrase that his form of appositive headword (noun or pronoun Appositive is enabled to replace the noun or pronoun). Appositive phrase is the result of reduction of non-restrictive clause, other than those preceded by a participle.
Example:
* My cat
* The teacher Match
* The ones I wore last night
NOTE: The word in bold is its headword.
2. Phrase Usage in a sentence
a. As a Noun Phrase.
Phrase that can function as a noun (either as subject or as an object (direct object, indirect object, or object of preposition), among others:
- Noun Phrase.
Example:
* He is an extremely fast runner.
* I will from send this bouquet of roses to my fiancée.
* He Bought the laptop for his sisters.
* The substance in this bottle is extremely toxic.
* My sister's room is full of dolls.
- Gerundive (gerund) Phrase.
Example:
* Reading a book is her hobby.
* I love playing chess.
* He stopped drinking beer.
* He Did not confess to stealing my book.
- Infinitive Phrase.
Example:
* I want to play chess now.
* He decided to buy That red car.
* To solve this mathematics problem needs three equations.
- Prepositional Phrase.
Example:
* In the morning is a prepositional phrase.
* From this Moment is a song sung by Shaina Twain.
b. As a Verb Phrase.
Phrase that can function as a verb, among others:
-Verb Phrase
Example:
* I am typing this comment.
* Andi has passed the exam
* We will of see you again.
* Susan will from have graduated by August this year. ff.
- Phrasal verbs.
Example:
* My Grandparents looked after me Until I was 6 years old.
* She has been going out with uterus since They met three years ago.
* I look forward to seeing you soon.
c. Phrase as an adverb.
Phrase that can function as an adverb, among others:
- Adverbial phrase
Example:
* She runs very Quickly.
* The thief disappeared into the woods extremely fast.
* He Almost never comes on time.
- Prepositional Phrase:
that can be able to function as an adverb of place (information sites) and an adverb of time (time information).
Example:
* The thief disappeared into the woods extremely fast. (Adv. of place)
* The food on the table looked delicious. (Adv. of place)
* I am at home now. (Adv. of place)
* He Almost never comes on time. (Adv. of time)
* They left in the morning. (Adv. of time)
4. Phrase as Adjective.
Phrase that can function as adjective, among others:
- Adjective Phrase.
Example:
* The substance in this bottle is extremely toxic.
* My sister's room is full of dolls.
* He is an extremely fast runner.
- Participial Phrase.
Example:
* The mother breast-feeding her baby over there is' running out of money.
* I think the girl likes you calling you.
* All people stormed by gun fire in That building were the resource persons found dead.
NOTE: This phrase Participial a reduction of the adjective clause (excluding the appositive phrase.)
- Appositive Phrase.
Example:
* Andi, my dogs, is very big.
* Mr. Santy, the Home teacher, is from California.
* I can not find the jeans, the ones I wore last night.
B. Clause
Clause (clause) is a series / group of words which at least has a subject and predicate. Clause are generally preceded by a relative pronoun, but the relative pronoun is often omitted. Besides preceded by a relative pronoun, clause also could be initiated by the conjunction.
Based on the dependence of the other clause, clause divided into two, namely independent clause (clause-free) and the dependent clause (the clause is not free). An independent clause can stand on its own into a sentence, while the dependent clause does not. Dependent clause always requires an independent clause.
Based on the function, the dependent clause (also called subordinate clause) can be differentiated into: noun clause, adjective clause, and adverb clause
1. Noun Clause, which functioned as a noun clause.
* I love how you love me.
* It is Important That We help one another.
* Have I toll you lately That I love you?
NOTE: Read more please read the topic: Noun Clauses.
2. Adjective Clause (or relative clause) is a clause which functioned as an adjective. There are two types of adjective clause, namely: non-restrictive clause restrictive clause.
Examples of restrictive clause:
* The mother Who is breast-feeding her baby over there is' running out of money.
* I think the girl WHO Called you likes you.
* All people WHO were the resource persons by gun fire stormed in. That building were the resource persons found dead.
Examples of non-restrictive clause:
* Robby, the which is my dog, is very big.
* Mr. Smith, Who is the Home teacher, is from Canada.
* I can not find the jeans, the which are the ones I wore last night.
NOTE: Special Topics for the adjective has not been posted. For the moment please read the Use of the WHO, WHOM, WHOSE and Use and Which.
3. Adverb Clause, which functioned as an adverb clause.
Example:
* My Grandparents looked after me Until I was 6 years old.
* She has been going out with uterus since They met three years ago.
* You say it best When you say nothing at all.
Phrase (phrase) is a group of words (2 words or more) that can function as a noun (noun), as a verb (verb), as an adjective (adj), or as an adverb (adverb). With the exception of the absolute phrase, the phrase has no subject.
A phrase can contain: phrase class-specific word. For example, the "adjective noun phrase" will form a noun phrase; "adjective noun phrase" will form the adjective phrase, and so on.
1. Phrase Types
Naming is generally based on headword phrase (keywords) that make up the phrase. Headword This phrase is usually located at the beginning or end of phrases or sometimes in the middle phrase.
Based on its headword, phrase types in English, among others:
a. Noun Phrase, which is his phrase is a noun headword, which is placed at the end or middle of the phrase. Noun phrases can be preceded by the article (a, an, the), demonstrative (this, that, these, those), modifier (Some, any, etc.), or by the adjective pronoun (my, your, his, etc.).
Example:
* An extremely fast runner.
* This bouquet of roses
* My fiancée.
* The laptop.
* His sisters.
* The substance in this bottle
* My sister's room
NOTE: The word in bold is its headword.
b. Gerundive (gerund) Phrase, namely that headwordnya a gerund phrase, which is placed at the beginning of phrase. Gerund phrase is generally terminated by a noun.
Example:
* Reading a book.
* Playing chess.
* Drinking beer.
* Stealing my book.
NOTE: The word in bold is its headword. In reading a book, "a book" itself is a noun phrase, which is the direct object of "reading", while in stealing my book "my book" is a noun phrase is a direct object of "stealing".
c. Phrase infinitive, that is his phrase that headword infinitive form, which is placed at the beginning of phrase. Infinitive phrase is generally terminated by a noun.
Example:
* To play chess
* To buy That red car
* To solve this mathematics problem
NOTE: The word in bold is its headword. "That red car" and "this mathematics problem" is a noun phrase.
d. Verb Phrase, that is his phrase that headword form of verb, which is placed at the end of the phrase. Preceded by the auxiliary verb phrase. The forms of verb phrase, among others:
* Be verb-ing/verb3
* Has / have / Had verb3
* Has / have / Had been verb-ing/verb3
* Capital verb1
* Capital verb-ing/verb3 be
* Capital have verb3
* Capital have been verb-ing/verb, ff.
Example:
* Am typing.
* Has passed
* See earnest.
* Earnest have graduated. ff.
NOTE: The word in bold is its headword.
e. Phrasal Verb, ie "verb preposition / adverb."
Example:
* Looked after.
* Going out with.
* Look forward to.
NOTE: The word in bold is its headword.
f. Adverbial (adverb) Phrase, that is his phrase that headword form of an adverb, which is placed at the end of the phrase. Adverbial phrase preceded by an adverb. Adverb whose position in front and behind it an adverb describing is called intensifier.
Example:
* Very Quickly
* Extremely fast
* Almost never
g. Prepositional Phrase, that is his phrase that headword form of an adverb. Prepositional phrase preceded by a preposition, and is generally terminated by a noun.
Example:
* Into the woods
* On the chair
* At home
* On Time
* In the morning
NOTE: The word in bold is its headword.
h. Adjectival (Adjective) Phrase, that is his phrase that headword form of adjective. The location of its headword in general at the end of the phrase, which is preceded by an adverb. Sometimes it headword placed at the beginning phrase, which is usually explained by another adjective.
Example:
* Extremely toxic
* Full of dolls
* Extremely fast
NOTE: The word in bold is its headword.
i. Participial Phrase, that is his phrase that headword participle form, both the present participle (ie verb-ing) and past pasticiple (ie verb3), which placed the beginning of phrase. Participial phrases always function as an adjective.
Example:
* Breast-feeding her baby
* Calling you
* Stormed by gun fire
NOTE: The word in bold is its headword.
j. Appositive Phrase, the phrase that his form of appositive headword (noun or pronoun Appositive is enabled to replace the noun or pronoun). Appositive phrase is the result of reduction of non-restrictive clause, other than those preceded by a participle.
Example:
* My cat
* The teacher Match
* The ones I wore last night
NOTE: The word in bold is its headword.
2. Phrase Usage in a sentence
a. As a Noun Phrase.
Phrase that can function as a noun (either as subject or as an object (direct object, indirect object, or object of preposition), among others:
- Noun Phrase.
Example:
* He is an extremely fast runner.
* I will from send this bouquet of roses to my fiancée.
* He Bought the laptop for his sisters.
* The substance in this bottle is extremely toxic.
* My sister's room is full of dolls.
- Gerundive (gerund) Phrase.
Example:
* Reading a book is her hobby.
* I love playing chess.
* He stopped drinking beer.
* He Did not confess to stealing my book.
- Infinitive Phrase.
Example:
* I want to play chess now.
* He decided to buy That red car.
* To solve this mathematics problem needs three equations.
- Prepositional Phrase.
Example:
* In the morning is a prepositional phrase.
* From this Moment is a song sung by Shaina Twain.
b. As a Verb Phrase.
Phrase that can function as a verb, among others:
-Verb Phrase
Example:
* I am typing this comment.
* Andi has passed the exam
* We will of see you again.
* Susan will from have graduated by August this year. ff.
- Phrasal verbs.
Example:
* My Grandparents looked after me Until I was 6 years old.
* She has been going out with uterus since They met three years ago.
* I look forward to seeing you soon.
c. Phrase as an adverb.
Phrase that can function as an adverb, among others:
- Adverbial phrase
Example:
* She runs very Quickly.
* The thief disappeared into the woods extremely fast.
* He Almost never comes on time.
- Prepositional Phrase:
that can be able to function as an adverb of place (information sites) and an adverb of time (time information).
Example:
* The thief disappeared into the woods extremely fast. (Adv. of place)
* The food on the table looked delicious. (Adv. of place)
* I am at home now. (Adv. of place)
* He Almost never comes on time. (Adv. of time)
* They left in the morning. (Adv. of time)
4. Phrase as Adjective.
Phrase that can function as adjective, among others:
- Adjective Phrase.
Example:
* The substance in this bottle is extremely toxic.
* My sister's room is full of dolls.
* He is an extremely fast runner.
- Participial Phrase.
Example:
* The mother breast-feeding her baby over there is' running out of money.
* I think the girl likes you calling you.
* All people stormed by gun fire in That building were the resource persons found dead.
NOTE: This phrase Participial a reduction of the adjective clause (excluding the appositive phrase.)
- Appositive Phrase.
Example:
* Andi, my dogs, is very big.
* Mr. Santy, the Home teacher, is from California.
* I can not find the jeans, the ones I wore last night.
B. Clause
Clause (clause) is a series / group of words which at least has a subject and predicate. Clause are generally preceded by a relative pronoun, but the relative pronoun is often omitted. Besides preceded by a relative pronoun, clause also could be initiated by the conjunction.
Based on the dependence of the other clause, clause divided into two, namely independent clause (clause-free) and the dependent clause (the clause is not free). An independent clause can stand on its own into a sentence, while the dependent clause does not. Dependent clause always requires an independent clause.
Based on the function, the dependent clause (also called subordinate clause) can be differentiated into: noun clause, adjective clause, and adverb clause
1. Noun Clause, which functioned as a noun clause.
* I love how you love me.
* It is Important That We help one another.
* Have I toll you lately That I love you?
NOTE: Read more please read the topic: Noun Clauses.
2. Adjective Clause (or relative clause) is a clause which functioned as an adjective. There are two types of adjective clause, namely: non-restrictive clause restrictive clause.
Examples of restrictive clause:
* The mother Who is breast-feeding her baby over there is' running out of money.
* I think the girl WHO Called you likes you.
* All people WHO were the resource persons by gun fire stormed in. That building were the resource persons found dead.
Examples of non-restrictive clause:
* Robby, the which is my dog, is very big.
* Mr. Smith, Who is the Home teacher, is from Canada.
* I can not find the jeans, the which are the ones I wore last night.
NOTE: Special Topics for the adjective has not been posted. For the moment please read the Use of the WHO, WHOM, WHOSE and Use and Which.
3. Adverb Clause, which functioned as an adverb clause.
Example:
* My Grandparents looked after me Until I was 6 years old.
* She has been going out with uterus since They met three years ago.
* You say it best When you say nothing at all.
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